Why the EC's e-SAF plan could suffer the same fate as its hydrogen strategy

On 5 November [2025], the European Commission (EC) released its Sustainable Transport Investment Plan (STIP), which establishes a bloc-wide approach to boosting investments in renewables and low-carbon fuels across the EU’s aviation and shipping sectors. However, without a meaningful and considered strategy for creating e-fuel demand, massive public sector investment is unlikely to succeed in meeting the bloc's targets for 2030 and beyond. Instead, the EU may repeat the same mistakes with its STIP as it did with its efforts to create a robust European hydrogen market.