Italy’s FER-X auctions reveal the economic cost of supply chain resilience

Italy is turning renewable auctions into an industrial early-stage policy experiment. As one of the first European markets to include supply chain criteria under the EU’s Net-Zero Industry Act, it has used its FER X scheme to carve out a parallel solar tender – one that deliberately sidesteps Chinese components. The result is an early glimpse of how far the government can tilt the market before prices, participation and competition start to push back.